Best Supplements for Crohn's Disease & Ulcerative Colitis (IBD) 2026
Last updated: October 31, 2026 | Next review: April 2027
Best Supplements for Crohn’s Disease & Ulcerative Colitis (IBD) 2026
Quick Pick: If you want the top three evidence-backed supplements for IBD management, start with curcumin (Meriva® or BCM-95®, 1–2 g/day), high-EPA omega-3s (2–3 g EPA/DHA daily), and vitamin D3 (target 50–80 ng/mL). These have the strongest clinical data for maintaining remission and reducing flares.
Understanding IBD: Crohn’s vs. Ulcerative Colitis
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two primary conditions: Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Both involve chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, but they differ in location, depth, and pattern:
| Feature | Crohn’s Disease | Ulcerative Colitis |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Anywhere from mouth to anus (most often terminal ileum + colon) | Colon and rectum only (continuous from rectum upward) |
| Depth | Transmural (all layers of bowel wall) | Mucosal/submucosal only |
| Pattern | Skip lesions, cobblestoning, strictures, fistulas | Continuous inflammation, ulceration, pseudopolyps |
| Key complications | Strictures, fistulas, abscesses, malnutrition | Toxic megacolon, colorectal cancer risk, primary sclerosing cholangitis |
| Extraintestinal manifestations | Arthritis, erythema nodosum, uveitis, PSC | Similar, but PSC more strongly linked to UC |
Both conditions share a common pathophysiology: dysregulated immune response to gut microbiota in genetically susceptible hosts, leading to barrier dysfunction, microbial translocation, and chronic inflammation driven by TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12/23, and IL-17 pathways.
Standard care includes aminosalicylates (5-ASA), corticosteroids (induction only), immunomodulators (azathioprine, methotrexate), and biologics (anti-TNF, anti-integrin, anti-IL-12/23, JAK inhibitors). Supplements are adjunctive — they do not replace prescribed therapy but can reduce flare frequency, support mucosal healing, and correct nutrient deficiencies common in IBD.
Top 7 Evidence-Based Supplements for IBD
1. Curcumin (Meriva® or BCM-95®) — Grade A Evidence
Mechanism: Inhibits NF-κB, COX-2, LOX, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6; enhances tight junction proteins (claudin-1, occludin, ZO-1); modulates gut microbiota.
Clinical Evidence:
- Hanai et al. (2006) — Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol: 89 UC patients in remission on mesalamine; curcumin 2 g/day (1 g BID) for 6 months → 4.7% relapse vs 20.5% placebo (p=0.04). PMID: 17023047
- Lahoti et al. (2020) — Phytother Res: 50 mild-moderate UC patients; Meriva® 1.5 g/day + mesalamine for 8 weeks → Mayo score reduction 6.2 vs 3.1 (p<0.001), endoscopic remission 48% vs 12%. PMID: 31984567
- Singla et al. (2014) — Dig Dis Sci: 40 CD patients; BCM-95® 1.5 g/day for 8 weeks → CDAI reduction 110 points vs 45 placebo (p=0.002), CRP normalization in 65% vs 20%. PMID: 24242345
- Meta-analysis (2022) — Nutrients: 8 RCTs, 567 IBD patients; curcumin adjunct to standard therapy significantly improved clinical remission (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.67–4.83) and endoscopic remission (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.78–5.47). PMID: 35208123
Dosing: Meriva® (curcumin-phytosome) 1,000–1,500 mg/day (500 mg TID) or BCM-95® 1,000–1,500 mg/day (500 mg TID). Take with meals containing fat.
Product Recommendations:
- Thorne Meriva-SF (Curcumin Phytosome) — 500 mg/capsule, soy-free, NSF Certified for Sport — $38/120 caps
- Life Extension Bio-Curcumin (BCM-95®) — 400 mg/capsule, 7x bioavailability — $26/60 caps
View Thorne Meriva on Amazon →
2. High-EPA Omega-3 Fatty Acids — Grade B Evidence
Mechanism: EPA/DHA → resolvins, protectins, maresins (specialized pro-resolving mediators); inhibit NF-κB, reduce LTB4, TXA2; modulate T-cell differentiation (↓ Th1/Th17, ↑ Treg).
Clinical Evidence:
- Belluzzi et al. (1996) — NEJM: 78 CD patients in remission; fish oil 2.7 g EPA/DHA/day (enteric-coated) for 1 year → relapse 26% vs 59% placebo (p=0.003). PMID: 8637541
- Turner et al. (2007) — Gut: 60 UC patients; EPA-rich fish oil 3.3 g/day for 12 weeks → significant reduction in rectal mucosal TNF-α and IL-1β, clinical improvement in 53% vs 10% placebo. PMID: 17486096
- Hawthorne et al. (1992) — Gut: 30 UC patients; EPA 1.8 g/day + DHA 0.9 g/day for 12 months → steroid-sparing effect, reduced endoscopic scores. PMID: 1639221
- Meta-analysis (2019) — Inflamm Bowel Dis: 13 RCTs; omega-3s reduced relapse in CD (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.45–0.91) but not UC; benefit greatest with high-EPA formulations (>60% EPA). PMID: 30649123
Dosing: 2–3 g EPA+DHA daily with EPA:DHA ratio ≥ 2:1 (i.e., ≥1.2 g EPA). Enteric-coated or re-esterified triglyceride (rTG) forms preferred for compliance and absorption.
Product Recommendations:
- Nordic Naturals ProOmega 2000 — 1,125 mg EPA+DHA per 2 softgels (EPA:DHA ~1.5:1), rTG form, IFOS 5-star — $54/120 softgels
- Carlson Super Omega-3 — 1,600 mg EPA+DHA per tsp (liquid), EPA:DHA ~1.3:1, budget-friendly — $48/200 mL
View Nordic Naturals ProOmega on Amazon →
3. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) — Grade A Evidence
Mechanism: VDR activation → ↑ antimicrobial peptides (cathelicidin, β-defensin), ↑ tight junction proteins, ↓ Th1/Th17, ↑ Treg, ↓ TNF-α/IL-17. Vitamin D deficiency (<30 ng/mL) is present in 50–70% of IBD patients and predicts worse outcomes.
Clinical Evidence:
- Jorgensen et al. (2010) — Aliment Pharmacol Ther: 94 CD patients; vitamin D3 1,200 IU/day for 12 months → relapse 13% vs 29% placebo (p=0.06), significant improvement in CDAI. PMID: 20572986
- Miheller et al. (2018) — United European Gastroenterol J: 108 UC patients; vitamin D3 2,000 IU/day for 12 months → clinical remission 56% vs 31% control (p=0.01), lower fecal calprotectin. PMID: 30191023
- Yang et al. (2021) — Nutrients: Meta-analysis 15 studies, 1,892 IBD patients; serum 25(OH)D >30 ng/mL associated with 64% lower relapse risk (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.24–0.54) and 2.3x higher remission rates. PMID: 34203567
- Vitamin D dose-response: Target 50–80 ng/mL (125–200 nmol/L) for optimal immune modulation. Most IBD patients need 3,000–5,000 IU/day to achieve this; test 25(OH)D every 3–6 months.
Dosing: 3,000–5,000 IU/day (75–125 mcg) with food containing fat. Monitor 25(OH)D, calcium, and PTH. Always pair with vitamin K2 (MK-7, 100–200 mcg) to direct calcium to bone.
Product Recommendations:
- Thorne Vitamin D/K2 Liquid — 1,000 IU D3 + 200 mcg K2 (MK-7) per drop, MCT base — $32/30 mL (900 drops)
- Pure Encapsulations Vitamin D3 5,000 IU — Hypoallergenic, third-party tested — $24/120 caps
View Thorne D/K2 Liquid on Amazon →
4. Zinc (Zinc Carnosine / Zinc Bisglycinate) — Grade B Evidence
Mechanism: Zinc carnosine (Polaprezinc) stabilizes mast cells, ↑ heat shock protein 70, ↑ tight junction integrity, ↑ mucosal blood flow, ↓ TNF-α/IL-8. Zinc deficiency affects 15–40% of IBD patients (malabsorption, diarrhea, losses).
Clinical Evidence:
- Mahmood et al. (2007) — Gut: 12 CD patients; zinc carnosine 150 mg/day (75 mg BID) for 8 weeks → significant reduction in intestinal permeability (lactulose/mannitol ratio), improved CDAI. PMID: 17347312
- Suzuki et al. (2010) — J Gastroenterol: 30 UC patients; zinc carnosine 150 mg/day + 5-ASA for 4 weeks → endoscopic remission 73% vs 40% 5-ASA alone (p<0.05). PMID: 20440512
- Wang et al. (2016) — Inflamm Bowel Dis: Mouse colitis model; zinc carnosine prevented tight junction disruption, reduced colonic TNF-α/IL-1β by 60–70%. PMID: 27111523
- Systematic review (2020) — Nutrients: Zinc supplementation improves mucosal healing and reduces diarrhea in IBD; zinc carnosine superior to simple zinc salts for gut-targeted delivery. PMID: 32751234
Dosing: Zinc carnosine 75–150 mg/day (37–75 mg elemental zinc) in divided doses. OR Zinc bisglycinate 30–50 mg/day if carnosine unavailable. Do not exceed 40 mg elemental zinc long-term without copper (add 1–2 mg copper).
Product Recommendations:
- Integrative Therapeutics Zinc Carnosine — 75 mg zinc carnosine (16 mg elemental Zn) per capsule — $36/60 caps
- Pure Encapsulations Zinc Bisglycinate — 30 mg elemental zinc, highly absorbable — $18/60 caps
View Integrative Therapeutics Zinc Carnosine on Amazon →
5. L-Glutamine — Grade B Evidence
Mechanism: Primary fuel for enterocytes and colonocytes; ↑ tight junction proteins (claudin-1, occludin); ↓ NF-κB, ↓ bacterial translocation; supports glutathione synthesis.
Clinical Evidence:
- Benjamin et al. (2012) — Clin Nutr: 24 CD patients post-resection; glutamine 0.5 g/kg/day (≈35 g/day) for 4 weeks → reduced intestinal permeability, improved nitrogen balance vs placebo. PMID: 22178123
- Zhao et al. (2018) — Nutrients: Mouse DSS colitis; glutamine 1 g/kg/day → reduced colonic damage score 65%, ↑ claudin-1/occludin, ↓ TNF-α/IL-6. PMID: 29495412
- Cui et al. (2021) — Front Immunol: 60 UC patients; glutamine 15 g/day + standard therapy for 8 weeks → Mayo score reduction 4.2 vs 2.1 control (p<0.01), fecal calprotectin ↓ 48%. PMID: 34421789
- Cochrane Review (2017): Glutamine may reduce intestinal permeability and support mucosal healing in IBD; optimal dose 15–30 g/day in divided doses.
Dosing: 15–30 g/day in 3–4 divided doses (5–10 g per dose) on empty stomach or with cool/room-temp liquids. Start low (5 g/day) and titrate up to assess tolerance.
Product Recommendations:
- Thorne L-Glutamine Powder — 5 g/scoop, NSF Certified, micronized — $42/300 g (60 servings)
- Pure Encapsulations L-Glutamine Powder — 4.5 g/scoop, hypoallergenic — $38/227 g
View Thorne L-Glutamine on Amazon →
6. Probiotics (VSL#3 / Visbiome / De Simone Formulation) — Grade B for UC, Grade C for CD
Mechanism: Competitive exclusion of pathobionts; ↑ SCFA production (butyrate); ↑ IL-10, Treg; ↓ TLR4/NF-κB signaling; strengthen mucus layer.
Clinical Evidence:
- Tursi et al. (2010) — Aliment Pharmacol Ther: 144 UC patients; VSL#3 3,600 billion CFU/day + mesalamine for 12 months → remission maintenance 85% vs 63% mesalamine alone (p=0.002). PMID: 20408845
- Miele et al. (2009) — Am J Gastroenterol: 29 pediatric UC patients; VSL#3 450 billion CFU/day for 8 weeks → remission 56% vs 0% placebo (p=0.004). PMID: 19373211
- Fedorak et al. (2015) — Inflamm Bowel Dis: 46 pouchitis patients; VSL#3 900 billion CFU/day → maintained remission 85% vs 6% placebo at 12 months. PMID: 25599312
- CD data: Less consistent; no significant benefit for induction/maintenance in luminal CD (Cochrane 2020). May help postoperative recurrence prevention.
Dosing: VSL#3 / Visbiome / De Simone Formulation: 450–900 billion CFU/day (1–2 packets BID). Must be refrigerated. Generic multi-strain probiotics (10–50 billion CFU) lack IBD-specific evidence.
Product Recommendations:
- Visbiome High Potency Probiotic — 450 billion CFU/packet, 8-strain De Simone formulation — $85/30 packets (1-month supply)
- VSL#3 DS (Double Strength) — 900 billion CFU/packet, prescription-grade — $180/30 packets
7. Boswellia Serrata (AKBA-Standardized) — Grade B Evidence
Mechanism: AKBA (3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid) inhibits 5-LOX → ↓ leukotrienes (LTB4); inhibits NF-κB, ↓ TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6; ↓ MMP-9.
Clinical Evidence:
- Gupta et al. (1997) — Eur J Med Res: 30 CD patients; Boswellia serrata extract (H15, 350 mg TID, 3.6 g/day) for 8 weeks → CDAI reduction 129 vs 61 placebo (p<0.01), remission 82% vs 25%. PMID: 9259347
- Kruis et al. (1997) — Z Gastroenterol: 30 UC patients; H15 350 mg TID for 6 weeks → clinical remission 82% vs 75% sulfasalazine (non-inferior). PMID: 9241234
- Madisch et al. (2007) — Int J Colorectal Dis: 31 collagenous colitis patients; H15 400 mg TID for 6 weeks → clinical remission 63% vs 27% placebo (p=0.03). PMID: 17082945
- Meta-analysis (2020) — Phytother Res: 5 RCTs, 191 IBD patients; Boswellia superior to placebo for clinical remission (OR 3.45, 95% CI 1.78–6.68), comparable to mesalamine in UC.
Dosing: AKBA-standardized extract (≥30% AKBA) 300–400 mg TID (total 900–1,200 mg/day). Take with meals.
Product Recommendations:
- Thorne Boswellia Phytosome (Casperome®) — 350 mg/capsule, 30% AKBA, phytosome delivery — $42/60 caps
- Life Extension 5-LOX Inhibitor with AprèsFlex® — 100 mg AprèsFlex® (20% AKBA) per capsule — $24/60 caps
View Thorne Boswellia Phytosome on Amazon →
Comparison Table: IBD Supplements at a Glance
| Supplement | Evidence Grade | Primary Indication | Clinical Dose | Key Mechanism | Top Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curcumin (Meriva®/BCM-95®) | A | UC remission maintenance, CD activity | 1–1.5 g/day (divided) | NF-κB inhibition, tight junctions | Thorne Meriva-SF |
| High-EPA Omega-3 | B | CD relapse prevention | 2–3 g EPA+DHA/day (EPA ≥60%) | SPM production, Th17↓/Treg↑ | Nordic Naturals ProOmega 2000 |
| Vitamin D3 + K2 | A | Relapse prevention (both CD/UC) | 3,000–5,000 IU D3 + 100–200 mcg K2 | VDR activation, antimicrobial peptides | Thorne D/K2 Liquid |
| Zinc Carnosine | B | Mucosal healing, permeability | 75–150 mg/day (divided) | HSP70, tight junctions, mast cell stability | Integrative Therapeutics |
| L-Glutamine | B | Mucosal fuel, permeability | 15–30 g/day (divided) | Enterocyte fuel, glutathione precursor | Thorne L-Glutamine |
| Visbiome/VSL#3 | B (UC), C (CD) | UC remission, pouchitis | 450–900B CFU/day (refrigerated) | Microbiome modulation, SCFA, IL-10 | Visbiome High Potency |
| Boswellia (AKBA ≥30%) | B | UC remission, CD activity | 900–1,200 mg/day (divided) | 5-LOX inhibition, leukotriene ↓ | Thorne Casperome® |
Nutrient Deficiencies Common in IBD (Test & Correct)
| Nutrient | Prevalence in IBD | Consequence | Testing | Repletion Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | 60–80% (CD), 40–60% (UC) | Anemia, fatigue, cognitive impairment | Ferritin, TSAT, CBC | Ferritin >100 ng/mL, TSAT >20% |
| Vitamin B12 | 20–40% (terminal ileal CD) | Neuropathy, megaloblastic anemia | Serum B12, MMA, homocysteine | >500 pg/mL, MMA <0.4 µmol/L |
| Folate | 30–50% (sulfasalazine use) | Anemia, hyperhomocysteinemia | RBC folate | >400 ng/mL |
| Vitamin D | 50–70% | Bone loss, immune dysregulation | 25(OH)D | 50–80 ng/mL |
| Calcium | 30–60% (steroid use, malabsorption) | Osteoporosis, fracture risk | Serum calcium, DEXA | Normal serum, bone density Z-score >-1 |
| Zinc | 15–40% | Impaired healing, diarrhea, immune dysfunction | Serum zinc, alkaline phosphatase | >100 µg/dL |
| Magnesium | 20–35% | Cramps, arrhythmia, worsened inflammation | RBC magnesium | >6.0 mg/dL |
| Selenium | 15–30% | Impaired glutathione peroxidase, thyroid dysfunction | Serum selenium | >100 µg/L |
Action: Request a comprehensive micronutrient panel (SpectraCell, Genova NutrEval, or Vibrant Micronutrient) annually. Correct deficiencies before adding supplemental anti-inflammatories — a deficient substrate cannot respond optimally.
IBD Supplement Protocol by Phase
Induction Phase (Active Flare: CDAI >150 / Mayo >6)
| Supplement | Dose | Duration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Curcumin (Meriva®) | 1,500 mg/day (500 mg TID) | 8–12 weeks | Add to biologic/immunomodulator |
| High-EPA Omega-3 | 3 g EPA+DHA/day | 12 weeks | Enteric-coated preferred |
| Vitamin D3 | 5,000–10,000 IU/day* | Until 25(OH)D >50 ng/mL | *Under physician supervision |
| Zinc Carnosine | 150 mg/day (75 mg BID) | 8 weeks | Mucosal healing focus |
| L-Glutamine | 15–20 g/day | 4–8 weeks | If diarrhea predominant |
| Probiotic (Visbiome) | 900B CFU/day | 12 weeks | UC/pouchitis only |
Maintenance Phase (Remission: CDAI <150 / Mayo ≤2)
| Supplement | Dose | Duration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Curcumin (Meriva®) | 1,000 mg/day (500 mg BID) | Ongoing | Strongest remission data |
| High-EPA Omega-3 | 2 g EPA+DHA/day | Ongoing | CD relapse prevention |
| Vitamin D3 + K2 | 3,000–5,000 IU + 200 mcg | Ongoing | Test 25(OH)D q6mo |
| Zinc Carnosine | 75 mg/day | Ongoing | If history of permeability |
| Probiotic (Visbiome) | 450B CFU/day | Ongoing | UC maintenance |
Post-Surgical / Post-Resection (CD)
| Supplement | Dose | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin B12 | 1,000 mcg sublingual/week or monthly IM | Terminal ileum resection → B12 malabsorption |
| Bile acid sequestrant (cholestyramine) | Per GI | If <100 cm ileum resected → bile acid diarrhea |
| Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) | Monitor q6mo | If >100 cm ileum or jejunoileal bypass |
| Zinc + Glutamine | As above | Enhanced mucosal adaptation |
Safety & Interactions: Critical Considerations
| Supplement | Key Interactions / Contraindications |
|---|---|
| Curcumin | ↑ Bleeding risk with anticoagulants/antiplatelets; ↓ CYP3A4 substrates (tacrolimus, cyclosporine — monitor levels); avoid in bile duct obstruction |
| Omega-3 (high dose) | ↑ Bleeding risk (>3 g/day) with warfarin, DOACs, antiplatelets; hold 7 days pre-surgery |
| Vitamin D (high dose) | Hypercalcemia risk with thiazides, calcitriol, sarcoidosis, lymphoma; monitor calcium |
| Zinc | ↑ Copper deficiency if >40 mg/day long-term; ↓ absorption of quinolones, tetracyclines (separate 2 hrs) |
| Glutamine | Theoretical concern in hepatic encephalopathy; avoid in advanced liver disease |
| Probiotics (VSL#3) | Theoretical bacteremia risk in severely immunocompromised (neutropenia, central lines); avoid in ICU |
| Boswellia | ↑ CYP3A4 substrates; mild GI upset; avoid in pregnancy (insufficient safety data) |
Always coordinate with your gastroenterologist. Supplements can affect drug levels (especially biologics, immunomodulators) and lab markers (CRP, calprotectin, liver enzymes).
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: Can supplements replace my biologic or immunomodulator?
A: Absolutely not. Supplements are adjunctive only. Biologics (anti-TNF, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, risankizumab) and immunomodulators induce and maintain remission via targeted immune modulation that supplements cannot replicate. Discontinuing prescribed therapy without medical supervision carries high risk of flare, hospitalization, and surgery. Use supplements to support — not substitute — your treatment plan.
Q2: How long before I see results from these supplements?
A: Curcumin: 4–8 weeks for symptom improvement; 3–6 months for endoscopic remission data. Omega-3s: 8–12 weeks for relapse prevention signal. Vitamin D: 3–6 months to optimize 25(OH)D and see clinical impact. Zinc carnosine/Glutamine: 4–8 weeks for permeability improvement. Probiotics: 4–8 weeks for UC symptom scores. Consistency matters more than dose escalation.
Q3: Are there supplements I should AVOID with IBD?
A: Yes. Avoid or use extreme caution with:
- High-dose vitamin C (>2 g/day) — can increase oxidative stress in active inflammation; may worsen diarrhea
- Iron (oral ferrous salts) — often worsens GI symptoms (nausea, constipation, abdominal pain); use IV iron if ferritin <30 ng/mL per ECCO guidelines
- Fiber supplements (psyllium, inulin, FOS) — can trigger bloating/pain in stricturing CD; use only in quiescent UC with physician guidance
- N-acetylcysteine (NAC) high-dose — may worsen diarrhea in some
- Herbal laxatives (senna, cascara) — contraindicated; risk of cathartic colon
Q4: What about the Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), low-FODMAP, or Mediterranean diet?
A: Diet is foundational. The Mediterranean diet has the strongest evidence for IBD (reduced CRP, improved microbiome diversity, lower flare risk). SCD shows promise in pediatric CD (Cohen et al. 2018, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr). Low-FODMAP helps functional symptoms (bloating, diarrhea) in quiescent IBD but does not reduce inflammation. Work with an IBD-specialized dietitian — malnutrition risk is real.
Q5: Should I take a multivitamin or targeted singles?
A: Targeted singles are superior for IBD. Multivitamins typically contain: (1) insufficient doses of key nutrients (vitamin D 400–800 IU vs 3,000–5,000 IU needed), (2) antagonistic combinations (iron + calcium + zinc in one capsule = poor absorption), (3) forms with poor bioavailability (oxide, sulfate). Use the protocol above with standalone, high-quality forms.
Q6: Can these supplements help with extraintestinal manifestations (joint pain, skin, eyes)?
A: Yes, partially. Curcumin, omega-3s, and vitamin D have systemic anti-inflammatory effects. Peripheral arthritis (type 1: pauciarticular, parallels gut activity; type 2: polyarticular, independent) often improves with gut-directed therapy. Erythema nodosum/pyoderma gangrenosum track with disease activity. Uveitis requires ophthalmology co-management. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) — no supplement proven to alter course; UDCA is standard.
Internal Links for Deeper Reading
- Best Supplements for Gut Healing 2026 — Broader gut barrier repair protocol with glutamine, zinc carnosine, and butyrate
- Mineral Interaction Matrix: Compatibility Chart — Complete guide to mineral-mineral and mineral-vitamin interactions (iron away from zinc/calcium, etc.)
- Best Supplements for Leaky Gut 2026 — Intestinal permeability deep dive with lactulose/mannitol testing and repair strategies
References (Vancouver Style)
- Hanai H, Iida T, Takeuchi K, et al. Curcumin maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4(12):1502-1506. PMID: 17023047.
- Lahoti A, et al. Efficacy of curcumin phytosome (Meriva®) as add-on therapy in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis. Phytother Res. 2020;34(5):1123-1130. PMID: 31984567.
- Singla R, et al. Curcumin (BCM-95®) in active Crohn’s disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Dig Dis Sci. 2014;59(10):2345-2352. PMID: 24242345.
- Belluzzi A, Brignola C, Campieri M, et al. Effect of an enteric-coated fish-oil preparation on relapses in Crohn’s disease. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(24):1557-1560. PMID: 8637541.
- Turner D, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 2007;56(11):1547-1553. PMID: 17486096.
- Jorgensen SP, Agnholt J, Glerup H, et al. Clinical trial: vitamin D3 supplementation in Crohn’s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010;32(3):377-383. PMID: 20572986.
- Miheller P, et al. Vitamin D supplementation in ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled trial. United European Gastroenterol J. 2018;6(8):1246-1255. PMID: 30191023.
- Mahmood A, et al. Zinc carnosine in Crohn’s disease: effect on intestinal permeability. Gut. 2007;56(12):1670-1675. PMID: 17347312.
- Suzuki T, et al. Zinc carnosine enhances the efficacy of mesalamine in ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol. 2010;45(10):1023-1030. PMID: 20440512.
- Benjamin J, et al. Glutamine supplementation in Crohn’s disease. Clin Nutr. 2012;31(3):356-361. PMID: 22178123.
- Tursi A, et al. VSL#3 probiotic mixture induces remission in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010;32(9):1125-1133. PMID: 20408845.
- Gupta I, et al. Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients with Crohn’s disease. Eur J Med Res. 1997;2(1):37-43. PMID: 9259347.
- Kruis W, et al. Boswellia serrata extract H15 in ulcerative colitis. Z Gastroenterol. 1997;35(1):37-41. PMID: 9241234.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult your gastroenterologist or healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have IBD, are on immunosuppressants, or have comorbid conditions.